Engine cylinder



Dec. 31, 1929. J. RADLOFF ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Dec. 23. 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 all! rllllll min similar engines hitherto designed.

Patented Dec. 31 19 29 PATENT OFFICE commas mnorr, or nnnmn, GERMANY, assrono'n TO THE FIRM ALLGEMEINE ELEKTRICITATS-GESELLSGHAFT, OF BERLIN, GERMANY I ENGINE CYLINDER Application filed December 23, 1927, Serial No. $42,123, and in Germany December 29, 1926.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines and is applicable with particular advantage to two-stroke cycle engines. It is an object of my invention to subdivide the engine frame supporting the cylinders as well as the cylinders themselves and other parts connected therewith in such manner as to render these parts capable of expanding more freely under the action of heat than is possible.

In the practice of my invention I divide the framesupporting the cylinders in the longitudinal direction in order to render it capable of taking up the cylinder which is provided with a cooling jacket and is divided in the transverse direction, a middle piece forming the connection between, .the two halves of the cylinder and having a larger diameter than the cylinder. Conduits for the scavenging air and exhaust ports are arranged in the middle piece.

In orddr that theparts of'the c linders with the water jackets and the mid le piece be capable of expandingfreely independently from each other and from the supporting frame, the liners of the cylinders are provided at their ends with strong flanges, by means of which they rest on the supporting frame and are attachedto the latter by the i an aid of pressing rings,while the middle piece rests upon special projections of the frame and the 'water jackets are connected to the liners of the cylinders only on the one side,

so that a mutual displacement of the different parts is possible.

In the drawings aflixed to this specification and forming part thereof an engine embodying,my invention is illustrated diagrammatically by way ofexample.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of a built-up cylinder block with the front frame portion partly broken away from the cylinder at the right,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the block, partly in section on the line 2-2 in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the rear half of the frame in which the cylinders are held, with'the cylinder at the left in axial section,

Fig, 4 is a section on the line 4- of Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is a section also on the line 4-4 in Fig. 2 showing a modified design of the cylinder head.

Referring first to Figs. 1-3, each of the two cylinders illustrated with its piston o and its piston rod 0 is built up from two liners is and k at the top and the bottom of the cylinder and a central part c for the reception of passages f for the scavenging air and passages g for the exhaust, 0 is the upper and 0 is the lower cylinder cover, the latter being equipped with astufling box for the piston rod- 0". The several parts are 'held' in proper position with respect to each other by the supporting frame for the cylinders which is divided in its longitudinal direction and its halves a and b are connected to each other by means of transverse bolts 0. I In order to relieve the'transverse bolts 0 of shearing stresses, wedges d are inserted at the joint of the cylinder block which has been illustrated Wllih part of the adjacent cylinder block B. The blocks are provided with flanges Z and connected by screws I at the joint. The liners k are surrounded by water jackets h and the central part e is surrounded by a water jacket 6' and tubes 41 are secured to either end of the central part and telescoped into the jackets h for expansion. Each part of the frame is provided with apertures a and b, respectively, in which the flanged ends of the passages f and are arranged, as shown for the air passage 7 in Fig. 1. In multi-cylinder engines each half of the frame may be formed in such a manner, that it is appropriate for the reception of several cylinders. In the'example shown in the drawing the halves a and b of the frame serve for the reception of two cylinders. The connection of the two halves of the frame is effected by screws Z.

The liners k of the cylinders are formed with strong flanges k with which they rest on the frame and are secured to it by pressing rings m and screws n. The cy inder covers 0 0 are fixed directly to the flanges of the liners by means of screw bolts p. Owing to this arrangement the piston forces are transmitted from the cylinder covers by the flanges of the liners k and the pressing rings at directly to the frame. The halves a and 100 is secured on the to b of the frame are further provided with projections g, on which is fixed the central iart e of the cylinder into which the liners are inserted from above and below, the

joint between the parts being packed by means of self-expanding piston rings 1' and stufling boxes 8. In this manner the pistonsweptpart of the cylinder is built up from the liner is at either end and from the inner wall of the central part 6 between the liners.

The parts It and z of the water jackets which are secured to the liners k and to the central part e, and connected with its cooling jacket 6 respectively, are guided in one another for telescoping movement and are packed by means of stuffing boxes t, the parts i being thus enabled to be shifted for the controlling and exchanging of the inner stufiing boxes 8. By this arrangement, which may be employed also in connection with undivided frames, the cylinder portions with the water jackets and the central part are enabled to expand freely independently from each other and from the supporting frame.

The cylinder system 1s assembled by first securing one of the two halves, for example the part b of the frame, to the posts a and the bed plate by means of stay rods 1). Then the previously assembled parts of the cylinder are pushed from the side towards the part b of the'frame. .Now the part a of the frame is brought in position from the side also, is connected to the part b by means of screws-c and secured to the bed plate together with the sts u as described with reference to part b. The cylinders are then fixed to the'frame also by the clamping rings m, whereupon the cylinder covers are fixed in place.

It will be understood that the central part c is supported by the projections g at its lower end and is free to expand in upward direction, this being permitted by the telescoping connection of the parts h and z of the jacket.

I ma however also arrange the water jacket, iiner and c linder cover in such a manner, that as il ustrated in Fi 6, the water jackets h are provided with %anges a: at their upper ends which is supported on a shoulder of the frame a, b, and that the flange is of the corresponding liner k is supported on a shoulder of the jacket. The washer m of the frame for each c linder and is re erably held thereon by t e stays v and tl e cylinder covers 0 and 0" i are secured to the washer m by the screws p.

The cylinder covers are shouldered near their lower ends and abutted on corresponding shoulders of the adjacent liners is so that the parts of-the system are held together by the pressure exerted thereon by the cylinder covers 0, 0", which are forced down upon the ends of theliners k'bymeans of screws p.

v I thus succeed in removing the cylinder cover either by taking off the nuts of the screws 1), so that the piston can be withdrawn,

or by removing the supporting ring together with the cylinder cover by unscrewing the nuts of the stay rods 1), so that the liner in andwater jacket in can be withdrawn also. In this case the connection between the cylinder cover o and the supporting ring m need not be severed. If a reliable packing of the cooling space between the water 'acket and the liner should not be obtained by'the pressure exerted by the cylinder cover, a stufiing box 2 may be arranged between the flanges m and 7a which is also readily accessible after the removal of the ring m.

This construction enables an easy erection and dismantling of the several parts, the control of the important joints of the pistons and the like without requiring any great dismantling work,'and all the parts are free to expan I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

I claim 1. Engine comprising a working cylinder and a frame arranged to support said cylinder, said frame being divided longitudinally and each half of said frame being formed with an aperture facing the central part of said cylinder.

2. Engine comprising a working cylinder in three parts including two end pieces and a central part and a frame arranged to support said cylinder, said frame being divided longitudinally and each half of said frame being formed with an a erture facing the central part of said cylin er.

3. Engine comprising a working cylinder in three parts including two end pieces and a central part and a frame arranged to support said cylinder, said frame being divided longitudinally and each half of said frame being formed with an aperture facing the central part of said cylinder, the three parts of said cylinder being independently mounted on said frame for free relative expansion.

4. Engine comprising a working cylinder in three parts including two end pieces and a central part and a frame arranged to support said cylinder, said frame being divided longitudinally and each half of said frame being formed with an aperture facing the central part of said cylinder, a cooling jacket surrounding each end piece.

5. Engine comprising a working cylinder in three parts including two end pieces and a central part and a frame arranged to support said cylinder, said frame being divided longitudinally and each half of said frame being formed with an aperture facing the central part of said cylinder, a cooling jacket surrounding each end piece, a cylinder cover arranged to act with .axial pressure on one of said end pieces, said end piece resting on said central part.

6. Engine comprising a working cylinder in three parts including two end pieces and v a central part and. a frame arranged to sup port saidcylinder, said frame being divided longitudinally and each half of said frame being formedwith an aperture facing the central part of said cylinder, a cooling jacket surrounding each end piece, an inwardly flanged ring secured'to an end face of said frame, a cylinder cover arranged toact with axial pressure on the inner flange of said ring, said end piece resting on said jacket and said jacket resting on said central part.-

7. Engine comprising a working cylinder in three parts including two end pieces and a a central part and a frame arranged to sup. port said cylinder, said frame being divided longitudinally and eacli'half of said frame being formed with an aperture facing the central part of said cylinder, said central part'being of greater width than said end pieces and being formed with exhaust and scavenging air ports, and projections formed on said frame within said apertures to supportsaid central part.

8. Engine comprising a working cylinder in three parts including two 'end pieces and a central part and a frame arranged to support said cylinder, said frame being divided longitudinally and each half of said frame being formed with an aperture facing the central part of said cylinder, a' cooling jacket being secured at one end to each end piece,

the freeends of said jackets being capable of expanding independently of said end pieces.

'9. Engine comprising a working cylinder in three-parts including two end pieces and a central part and a frame arranged to support sai cylinder, said frame being divided longitudinally and each half of said frame being formed with an aperture facing'the central part of said cylinder, a cooling jacket being secured at one end to eachend piece, the free ends of said jackets being capable of expanding independently of said end pieces, tubes on said central part extending into gliding contact with said jackets and means for packing said central part on said end pieces, said packing being arranged within and be-v ing accessible after displacement of said tubes.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

J OHANN ES RADLOFF. 

